Qhov txawv ntawm 304 thiab 316 Stainless hlau yog dab tsi?
304 thiab 316 stainless hlau yog ob qho tib si austenitic stainless qib, tab sis lawv tsis hloov pauv tau thaum qhov kev pabcuam ib puag ncig xav tau ntau dua. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev sib txawv yog muaj pes tsawg leeg: tus qauv 304 yog ib qho chromium-nickel stainless hlau, thaum 316 ntxiv txog 2-3% molybdenum thiab feem ntau nqa ntau dua nickel ntau dua. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm molybdenum yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm 316 feem ntau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua rau pitting thiab crevice corrosion nyob rau hauv chloride-kev coj tus kheej ib puag ncig xws li huab cua ntug hiav txwv, ntsev paug, tshuaj ntxuav, thiab qee qhov kev pabcuam. Los ntawm qhov sib txawv, 304 yog qhov dav dav dua - qib hom phiaj rau cov khoom siv sab hauv tsev, lub luag haujlwm me me hauv huab cua, thiab cov khoom tsim uas muaj cov tshuaj chloride tsawg.
Qhov txawv ntawm 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau yog li ntawd tsis yog cov lus nug ntawm lub zog lossis qhov tsos. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem annealed mob, lawv cov theem pib txhua yam yog nyob ze, thiab ob qho tib si yog dav siv rau daim ntawv, phaj, raj, yeeb nkab, fittings, tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab fabricated khoom. Qhov sib cais tiag tiag yog cov npoo npoo corrosion. Yog tias qhov kev pabcuam qhuav, huv si, thiab tsis yog - txhoj puab heev, 304 feem ntau txaus. Yog hais tias qhov chaw yuav pom cov tshuaj chlorides, marine- nyob ib sab raug, los yog hnyav dua ntxuav chemistry, 316 feem ntau muab cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha. Qhov ntawd yog qhov sib txawv ntawm 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau hauv kev siv engineering.
Kev faib khoom ntawm 304 thiab 316 Stainless Hlau
304 thiab 316 belongs rau lub300-series austenitic stainless hlaupab pawg. Qhov kev sib piv yog li ntawd tsis yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob chav sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, tab sis ntawm ob qho tib si chromium -nickel stainless hlau nrog zoo sib xws thiab vuam tus cwj pwm, tsis tau sib txawv corrosion kev ua tau zoo ib zaug chlorides thiab harsher ib puag ncig nkag mus rau hauv daim duab.
Qhov kev faib tawm no tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam thoob plaws cov khoom lag luam zeb, suav nrogstainless hlau coil, ntawv, phaj, yeeb nkab, thiab raj. Hauv daim ntawv thov coil, 304 thiab 316 tuaj yeem muab rau kev tsim, tsim, thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv qab, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kho raws li kev hloov pauv thaum lub chaw pabcuam qhia txog chloride-cov kabmob ya raws, ntsev deposits, los yog ntau dua chemical raug.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm engineering, qhov no yog vim li cas 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau feem ntau muab piv rau tib yam haujlwm. Lawv ob leeg tuaj yeem txaus siab rau ntau yam ntawm tib txoj kev tsim, tab sis lawv tsis teb qhov sib npaug rau tib qhov chaw pabcuam.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm 304 thiab 316 Stainless Hlau
304 thiab 316 Stainless hlau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj yog ncaj nraim. Standard 304 yog tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm chromium thiab npib tsib xee. Standard 316 siv lub hauv paus zoo sib xws, tab sis ntxiv molybdenum thiab feem ntau nqa ntau dua nickel ntau dua. Qhov ntawd yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm 316 feem ntau yog xaiv thaum cov tshuaj chloride kuj tseem ceeb dua.
| Yam khoom | 304 stainless hlau | 316 stainless hlau | Kev nyeem ntawv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hom kev xaiv qeb | Qauv 304 | Qauv 316 | Ob leeg yog tus qauv austenitic stainless hlau hauv 300 series. |
| UNS / EN npe | S30400 / 1.4301 | S31600 / 1.4401 | Pab tau thaum tsab xov xwm yuav tsum tau saib ntau dua technical thiab tsawg tus neeg siv khoom- taw qhia. |
| Chromium (Cr) | 18.0–20.0% | 16.0–18.0% | Ob qib nyob ntawm chromium rau passive- zaj duab xis tsim thiab tus cwj pwm tsis zoo. |
| Nickel (Ni) | 8.0–10.5% | 10.0–14.0% | 316 feem ntau nqa ntau dua nickel ntau dua. |
| Molybdenum (hli) | - | 2.0–3.0% | Qhov no yog lub ntsiab chemistry upgrade nyob rau hauv 316 thiab yog vim li cas tseem ceeb tshaj nws ua tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv chloride-cov kabmob puag ncig. |
| Cov pa roj carbon (max.) | 0.08% | 0.08% | Cov qib txheem; qis- carbon L qib feem ntau yog xaiv qhov twg vuam thiab intergranular corrosion tswj yog qhov tseem ceeb dua. |
| Manganese (max.) | 2.00% | 2.00% | Zoo sib xws hauv paus txwv nyob rau hauv tus qauv chemistry. |
| Silicon (max.) | 0.75–1.00%* | 0.75–1.00%* | Me alloying luag hauj lwm; txwv txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm qhov siv siv. |
| Phosphorus (max.) | 0.045% | 0.045% | Zoo li impurity txwv. |
| Sulfur (max.) | 0.030% | 0.030% | Zoo li impurity txwv. |
| Nitrogen (max.) | 0.10% | 0.10% | Cov kev txwv zoo sib xws, txawm tias nitrogen- hloov pauv hloov pauv muaj nyob sab nraum qhov piv txwv. |
| Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb-raws li qhov txawv | Cr-Ni stainless hlau | Cr-Ni-Mo stainless hlau | Qhov sib txawv ntawm 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau yog feem ntau amolybdenum{0}}tsav corrosion txawv, tsis yog ib tug loj mechanical -chav kawm txawv. |
Download: Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm 304 thiab 316 Stainless Hlau
Cov lus no piav qhia vim li cas cov 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau sib txawvtsis yog feem ntau piav raws li kev hloov kho lub zog ua ntej. Nws yog chemistry -tsav kev txhim kho corrosion.
Corrosion kuj yog cov kab sib cais tseem ceeb
Hauv ntau qhov kev teeb tsa tiag tiag, cov lus nug tsis yog tias ob qho khoom siv tsis yog stainless, tab sis seb ib puag ncig puas muaj cov chlorides txaus los ua kom 304 tsis tshua muaj kev ntseeg siab nyob rau lub sijhawm. Chlorides yog lub ntsiab lus uas qhov sib piv ntawm 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau ua hnyav dua. Cov tshuaj tsuag ntsev, dej hiav txwv cua, deicing ntsev, chlorine-cov khoom siv ntxuav, thiab qee cov txheej txheem tshuaj tuaj yeem thawb 304 mus rau hauv staining, pitting, lossis crevice corrosion ua ntej tshaj 316.
316 tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv corrosion tsuas yog vim nws muaj molybdenum. Nws tseem muaj kev txwv. Tab sis rau cov tshuaj chloride-cov kev pabcuam kabmob, nws feem ntau muab kev ua haujlwm dav dua li 304.
| Kev pabcuam | 304 stainless hlau | 316 stainless hlau | Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog kev nyeem ntawv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qhuav sab hauv tsev | Feem ntau haum | Kuj haum | Hauv kev pabcuam hauv tsev qhuav nrog kev sib kis tsawg thiab tsis muaj cov tshuaj chloride-cov kabmob, qhov zoo dua corrosion ntawm 316 feem ntau tsis txiav txim siab. Nto tiav, tu, thiab fabrication zoo tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem ntau dua li qib hloov nws tus kheej. |
| Me me sab nraum zoov qhov chaw deb ntawm ntsev | Feem ntau haum | Kuj haum | Rau kev pabcuam sab nrauv yam tsis muaj ntsev ntsev, ob qib yuav ua tau zoo, tab sis cov tshuaj yej staining, kev sib kis ntawm qhov chaw, cov kua dej, thiab qhov ua tiav tseem cuam tshuam rau cov tsos thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev -. |
| Ntug hiav txwv huab cua / marine- raug nyob ib sab | Ntau zaus rau staining thiab pitting | Feem ntau nyiam | Hauv huab cua hauv hiav txwv, 316 feem ntau xaiv vim tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm molybdenum txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv chloride-tsav pitting thiab crevice corrosion. 304 tseem tuaj yeem siv rau qee qhov chaw ntug hiav txwv me me, tab sis cov npoo yog nqaim thiab kev saib xyuas tseem ceeb dua. |
| Kev pabcuam dej | Feem ntau siv tau nyob ntawm qhov dej zoo | Feem ntau ua siab ntev | ASSDA sau tseg tias 316 ua haujlwm zoo hauv cov dej hauv qab no txog250 ppm chlorides. Qhov ntawd tsis tuaj yeem ua rau 304 tsis tsim nyog, tab sis nws qhia tias yog vim li cas 316 feem ntau pom zoo raws li cov ntsiab lus chloride nce los yog cov kev pabcuam kev ntseeg tau ua nruj dua. |
| Kev pabcuam nruab nrab aqueous ntawm ambient kub, tsis muaj crevices | Tej zaum yuav siv txog li200 ppm chlorides | Tej zaum yuav siv txog li1000 ppm chlorides | ASSDA cov lus qhia rau kev pabcuam nruab nrab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam muab cov kab lus qhia txog kev xaiv:304/304L nyob ib ncig ntawm 200 ppm chlorides, 316/316L nyob ib ncig ntawm 1000 ppm chlorides. Cov no tsis yog universal tsim txwv; crevices, deposits, kub, thiab pH yuav txo tau kam rau ua. |
| Cov dej khib nyiab / qis - mus rau - dej chloride nruab nrab | Marginal ntawm txog200-1000 mg/L chloridesnyob ntawm tej yam kev mob | Feem ntau nyiam nyob rau tib qhov ntau | Ntiaj Teb Stainless sau tseg tias Hom 304 tuaj yeem ua tau nkaus xwbmarginally txaus siabhauv kwv yees li200-1000 mg/L chloridentau yam, thaum Hom 316 yog qhov kev xaiv uas nyiam nyob ntawd. Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm vim li cas qhov kev sib tw thiab cov xwm txheej tsis muaj zog tseem ceeb npaum li qib nominal. |
| Cov tshuaj chloride- bearing washdown / zaub mov los yog txheej txheem ntxuav | Tej zaum yuav raug txwv nyob ntawm cov tshuaj chloride, lub sij hawm tiv tauj, thiab qhuav- cov seem seem | Feem ntau tiv taus ntau dua | Rau kev rov qab ntxuav dua, qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb tsis yog tsuas yog kev siv tshuaj ntxuav tes xwb tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus, qhov kub thiab txias, qhov dej yaug zoo, thiab seb cov chlorides puas nyob ntawm qhov chaw tom qab ziab . 316 feem ntau muab cov npoo dav dua. |
| Acidic chloride media / ntau nruj txheej txheem chemistry | Feem ntau tsis tsim nyog los yog tsawg heev | Zoo dua 304 hauv qee kis, tab sis tseem nruab nrab - tshwj xeeb | Hauv cov tshuaj acidic lossis nruab nrab chloride, pitting thiab crevice corrosion yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb. Outokumpu sau tseg tias nce chromium, molybdenum, thiab nitrogen txhim kho kev tiv thaiv, tab sis txawm tias 316 muaj qhov txwv tsis pub muaj cov tshuaj chloride muaj zog dua - kua qaub. |
Rau kev cog qoob loo, kev ua zaub mov, khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov ntaub thaiv npog, thiab cov khoom sib dhos, qhov no feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Cov npe tshuaj tsis tshua tseem ceeb tshaj qhov saum npoo yuav pom hauv kev pabcuam.
Mechanical Property Comparison ntawm 304 thiab 316 Stainless Hlau
Los ntawm kev siv tshuab- khoom vaj tse standpoint,304thiab316yog ze dua li ntau qhov kev sib piv yooj yim qhia.Raws li feem ntau hais ncaj nraim -cov khoom lag luam dov specifications, ob qib sib piv qhov tsawg kawg nkaustensile zog, yield zog, thiabelongationnyob rau hauv annealed mob. Tias yog vim li cas qhov kev txiav txim siab qib hauv ntau daim ntawv thov tsis yog thawj zaug los ntawm chav- qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis los ntawm ib puag ncig corrosion, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev pabcuam nruab nrab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv qib sau los ntawm Ntiaj Teb Stainless / Atlas rau ASTM A240 / A240M tiaj tus- cov khoom dov, ob qho tib si304thiab316muaj npe ntawm515 MPa lub zog tensile yam tsawg kawg nkaus, 205 MPa yam tsawg kawg nkaus 0.2% pov thawj lub zog, thiab40% tsawg kawg elongation.
Qhov kev nyeem ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua yog tias ob qib pib los ntawm cov qauv txheej txheem zoo sib xws, tab sis lawv tsis zoo ib yam hauv txhua qhov khoom thib ob lossis kev xav txog kev tsim khoom.316tso cai rau ib tug me ntsis siab tshaj hardness nyob rau hauv lub cited ca -rolled cov ntaub ntawv, thaum304thiab316ob leeg tseem nyob qib austenitic uas ib txwm muaj zog los ntawmua haujlwm txias dua li kev kho cua sov. Tib qhov teeb tsa tseem sau tseg tias hnyav welded seem hauv316feem ntau txav mus rau316Lqhov twg txo qis carbide nag lossis daus yog xav tau, thaum304Lzoo ib yam li siv qhov vuam thiab intergranular corrosion tswj yog qhov tseem ceeb dua.
| Property / technical point | 304 stainless hlau | 316 stainless hlau | Kev nyeem ntawv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile zog, min. | 515 MPa ua | 515 MPa ua | Tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub ci ci ci -cov ntaub ntawv khoom dov. |
| Yield zog, 0.2% pov thawj, min. | 205 MPa | 205 MPa | Base structural theem yog qhov tseem ceeb tib yam nyob rau hauv annealed mob. |
| Elongation hauv 50 mm, min. | 40% | 40% | Ob qib khaws cov ductility siab thiab siv dav rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua. |
| Rockwell B hardness, max. | 92 PAB | 95 PAB | 316 tau tso cai me ntsis siab tshaj qhov nyuaj hauv daim ntawv teev npe. |
| Brinell hardness, max. | 201 HB | 217 HB | Ib zaug ntxiv, qhov sib txawv me me, tab sis tsis yog feem ntau yog tus tsav xaiv lub ntsiab. |
| Txoj kev siv zog | Txias- ua hauj lwm muaj zog hauv kev xyaum | Txias- ua hauj lwm muaj zog hauv kev xyaum | Cov qib ib txwm tsis raug xaiv vim muaj cua sov- kho lub zog kom zoo dua. |
| Tsawg- carbon welded xaiv | 304LFeem ntau siv qhov vuam thiab intergranular corrosion tswj yog qhov tseem ceeb | 316Lfeem ntau siv rau tib yam vim li cas hauv kev pabcuam corrosive ntau dua | Cov qib "L" tseem ceeb dua hauv kev tsim cov welded dua li qhov yooj yim 304 vs 316 daim ntawv lo ib leeg. |
| Dual{0}} ntawv pov thawj cov khoom | 304 / 304L dual daim ntawv pov thawj yog muaj nyob rau hauv phaj, yeeb nkab, thiab puag ncig bar | 316 / 316L dual daim ntawv pov thawj kuj muaj nyob rau hauv phaj, yeeb nkab, thiab puag ncig bar | Cov khoom xa tuaj tiag tiag feem ntau yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov ntawv pov thawj cov khoom siv, tsis suav nrog cov lus piav qhia luv luv. |
Download: 304 vs 316 Stainless Steel: Mechanical Properties and Selection Logic
Qhov no yog vim li cas qhov kev sib piv ntawm 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau feem ntau yog daws los ntawm ib puag ncig, tsis yog los ntawm kev hloov pauv loj hauv chav - qhov kub thiab txias zog.
Thaum xaiv 304 Stainless Hlau
304feem ntau xaiv qhov kev pab cuam huv si, me me corrosive, thiab tsis tsav los ntawm chloride deposition los yog ntsev tuav. Tej xwm txheej muaj xws li:
- Cov tshuab hauv tsev npog, cov ntaub thaiv npog, thiab cov khoom txhawb nqanyob rau hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm qhuav, chav dej hluav taws xob, cov kab ntim khoom, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom dav dav uas qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj ntsev paug.
- Khoom noj khoom haus-sib cuag lossis chav ua noj-fab fabxws li lub rooj ntev zaum, dab dej, txaws vaj huam sib luag, lub teeb- lub tank lub luag haujlwm, thiab cov tubing uas yuav tsum tau tu txhua hnub tab sis kev ntxuav cov tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj chloride-raws li thiab cov cuab yeej tsis tso nrog cov ntsev ntsev seem.
- Architectural thiab hniav fabricationssiv nyob rau hauv cov chaw nyob sab nrauv lossis sab hauv, nrog rau cov trims, handrails, kem npog, thiab vaj huam sib luag cov rooj sib txoos nyob rau hauv uas tsis yog - ib puag ncig marine.
- Cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xobxws li npog, vaj tse, cuab yeej cuab tam, nkag mus rau vaj huam sib luag, thiab lub teeb - lub luag hauj lwm tubing qhov twg lub ntsiab yuav tsum tau yog dav corrosion kuj es tsis kam mus rau chloride nres.
- Kev ruaj khov thiab kev tsim khoomxws li cov txee, rooj ua haujlwm, chutes, hoppers, thiab tsis yog - cov tso tsheb hlau luam uas tsis muaj dej tsis sib xws, cov dej ntws tau zoo, thiab cov deposits tsis nyob ntawm qhov chaw mus ntev.
- Welded fabrications hauv kev pabcuam me meqhov twg ib puag ncig tsis pom zoo txav mus rau molybdenum- qib bearing, thiab qhov twg 304 los yog 304L twb ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj corrosion thiab fabrication kev ua tau zoo.
Thaum xaiv 316 Stainless Hlau
316feem ntau yog xaiv thaum qhov chaw pabcuam qhia txog cov tshuaj chloride tsis tu ncua, kev siv tshuaj ntxuav tes hnyav dua, lossis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pitting thiab crevice corrosion. Tej xwm txheej muaj xws li:
- Ntug hiav txwv thiab dej hiav txwv- cov khoom uas nyob ib sabxws li cov railings sab nraum zoov, lub thawv ntsuas, cov khoom siv thav duab, cov ntaiv, thiab cov chaw nkag tau raug cov ntsev-cua cua, cua- cov khoom xa tuaj, los yog txaws- paug ib puag ncig.
- Ntxuav- cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm hnyavnyob rau hauv cov zaub mov, dej haus, tshuaj, los yog tshuaj nroj tsuag uas tej qhov chaw raug rov raug tshuaj ntxuav, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab ntub- voj voog qhuav uas tawm corrosive residues tom qab.
- Kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud thiab txheej txheem kho vajtsexws li cov yeeb nkab txhawb nqa, clamps, junction boxes, valve guards, thiab fabricated brackets ntsia qhov twg deicing ntsev, industrial fallout, los yog chloride - bearing deposits nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm txij nkawm ncua sij hawm.
- Tanks, tubing, thiab fabricated sib dhostuav cov xov xwm lossis txheej txheem cov txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntau dua li 304 tuaj yeem muab tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov chaw crevices, gaskets, lap joints, lossis qis -cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej ntws tawm yog ib feem ntawm kev tsim.
- Cov nroj tsuag tshuaj thiab cov ntug dej hiav txwv -kev pab cuam fabricationsqhov chaw ib puag ncig tsis hnyav txaus kom xav tau cov txheej txheem hlau ntau dua, tab sis tseem muaj kev txhoj puab heev uas 304 yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau staining, pitting, lossis ntxov ntxov ntog tawm tsam.
- Ntev dua - cov khoom siv sab nrauv lub neejqhov twg zoo li tuav, txo txij nkawm zaus, thiab zoo dua rau cov tshuaj chloride-txog pitting yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov txo tus nqi ntawm cov khoom pib.
FAQ
01.Yog 316 ib txwm zoo dua li 304 stainless hlau rau siv sab nraum zoov?
02.Thaum twg cov tshuaj chloride yuav tsum tau hloov kho rau 316 stainless hlau?
03.For welded fabrications, kuv puas yuav tsum piv 304 vs 316 los yog 304L vs 316L?
04.Yog 316 stainless hlau haum rau seawater los yog kub chloride kev pab?
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