Qhov twg cov hlab ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws (thiab vim li cas thiaj li yeej tsis muaj yeej)
Fais fab boilers, hrsgs, tso pa hluav taws xob, thiab kev sib txuas hluav taws xob kom sov sov txhua txoj kev cia siab rau Astm A213 / SA213 Seamless Tubes. Thaum chloride - Cov kabmob condensate, nquag ua lub davhlau ntub dej, lossis kev ntxuav kom huv si yog nyob ntawm lub rooj,Austenitic Stainless Cov Qib (TP Series)Yuav kom outperform chrome - moly} moly} moly} moly ferritic qib kev ua tsaug rau kev ua tiav zoo dua, thiab tu kom yooj yim dua. Siab - kub, muab kev pab kom qhuav nrog nruj creep margins tseem khaws ciaT - qibNyob rau hauv ua si - Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau superheater thiab rabhereater banks.
Siv cov xwm txheej raug siv:
Stainless (TPP3 / 304H, TPP31 / hli, TPPRES, pub cua sov {- ntub kev pab.
Alloy Ferritic (T9, T22, T91): Cov ntu Super1): ntu kub thiab he}} Term Creep lub zog dominates.
Xaiv Stainless vs. Chrome - moly: ib txoj hauv kev
Txoj hauv kev yooj yim los ua tus ncej qhov kev txiav txim siab yog daim duab qhiaNruab Nrab + Kub 2008 Lub Neej Lub Neejmus rau ib tsev neeg kawm.
Rooj 1 - Xaiv Quues
|
Pab cue |
Stainless Tp tsev neeg (raug) |
Ferritic t yim neeg (raug) |
|
Chlorides / Tej Zaum Qhuav Cycles / Huv Si |
Tp316L / 316H; TPPP3 / 304H yog tias muaj Chlorides tsawg |
Tsis nyiam |
|
Cov kev tswj kom zoo ntawm cov ciav hlau siab |
Tp321 / 321h (ti - stabilized); Tp347 / 347h |
- |
|
Ntau tshaj plaws creep npoo (qhuav, roj kub heev) |
Tp347h / 321h hauv xaiv cov rooj plaub |
T91> T22> T22> T11 ≈ t9 |
|
Txoj kev pheej hmoo qis tshaj plaws ntawm pitting hauv dej hiav txwv |
Tp316L (mo - bearing) |
- |
|
Nqi - efficiency ntawm kev pab kub kub |
TPPTP3 / 304H |
T11 / T22 (Thaum corrosion yog me me) |
Cov txheej txheem no ib txwm yeej; Lub rooj yog ib qho shortcut rau kev soj ntsuam thaum ntxov.
Cov qhab nees stainless ntawm ib nrais muag (TP series)
Rooj 2 - Cov kev xaiv ib txwm xaiv hauv A213
|
Teem nqi |
Core Tej yam tseem ceeb |
Nws yog qhov zoo ntawm |
Cov Kev Siv Raug Raug |
|
TPPTP3 / 304H |
~ 18cr - 8ni (h=cov pa hluav taws xob siab) |
Cov khoom siv dav; huv si thaj chaw; zoo txiav |
Condenser / cua sov - Extress Stranger, Tso Cua Sov |
|
TPP36L / 316H |
Ntxiv ~ 2-3% MO; L=l; H=high - temp |
Zoo dua pitting / crevice tiv taus vs 304 / 304h |
Dej hiav txwv {{{{}} keyag txias, chloride media |
|
TPP31 / 321h |
Ti {-} stabilized |
Cov ntsuas kev tswj hwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias |
SuperHeater Coils, Siab - Temp Extracters |
|
Tp347 / 347h |
Nb {-} stabilized |
Zoo ib yam li 321; Lub zog muaj zog zog stabilization |
Rauv / Boiler Npog nrog Thermal CyclingH -}}}}} - lub zog; L -}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} target targetား Weldability thiab tsis kam mus txog qhov kev pabcuam aqueous. |
Ferritic alloy "T" qib nyob hauv cov ntsiab lus teb
Cov lus 3 - T9, T11, T22, T91 feem ntau haum
|
Teem nqi |
Lub tswv yim (nominal) |
Lub Zog Outlook (Kub) |
Cov Luag Haujlwm |
|
T11 |
~ 1.25CroC-0.5mo |
Lub hauv paus |
Nruab nrab {{0} temp boiler / cua sov-} cov tub ua pa |
|
T22 |
~ 2.25CroC-1mo |
↑ VS T11 |
Cov tsev txhab nyiaj kub; Tus nqi - kev sib daj sib ceg |
|
T9 |
~ 9cr-1mo (Ferritic) |
Zoo ib yam band rau t22 |
Xaiv cov kev pabcuam kub thiab kev hloov pauv hloov chaw |
|
T91 |
9Cl {- 1mo - v-nb (tempered martensite) |
Siab tshaj plaws ntawm pab pawg |
Heev kub superheater / Reubmer ntu |
Chemistry Snapshots (Siv Ranges)
Cov lus 4 - Austenitic Stainless (TP series, wt.%)
|
Teem nqi |
C (L/H) |
Cr |
Ni |
Mo |
Lub stababilizer |
|
TPPTP3 / 304H |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.035 / 0.04-0.10 |
~18–20 |
~8–11 |
- |
- |
|
TPP36L / 316H |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.035 / 0.04-0.10 |
~16–18 |
~10–14 |
~2.0–3.0 |
- |
|
TPP31 / 321h |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.035 / 0.04-0.10 |
~17–19 |
~9–13 |
- |
Ti |
|
Tp347 / 347h |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.035 / 0.04-0.10 |
~17–19 |
~9–13 |
- |
Nb / ta |
Rooj 5 - Ferritic alloy (T series, wt.%)
|
Teem nqi |
C (ntaus.) |
CR (ntaus.) |
Mo (ntaus.) |
V / NB / N (Thaum tsim nyog) |
|
T11 |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.12 |
~1.0–1.5 |
~0.44–0.65 |
- |
|
T22 |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.15 |
~1.9–2.6 |
~0.87–1.13 |
- |
|
T9 |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.15 |
~8–10 |
~0.9–1.1 |
- |
|
T91 |
0.08–0.12 |
~8–9.5 |
~0.85–1.05 |
V, nb, n ntxiv ntxiv |
Tham kom zoo tshaj aitm A213 / sa213 rau kev tswj kev txwv thiab tshuaj xyuas kev thev taus.
Neeg kho tshuab & siab {- cov qauv ntsuas kub (tsawg kawg ntawm chav nyob)
Cov Lus 6 - Qhia Txog Tsawg Yam Tsawg (Xyuas Cov Cai Tam Sim No / Tus Qauv)
|
Tsev Neeg / Qib |
Tensile min |
YUG KAB |
Elongation min |
|
Austenitic (piv txwv li, TPP3 / 316L) |
≈ 515 MPA (75 KSI) |
≈ 205 MPa (30 Ksi) |
≈ 35% |
|
TPP321 / 347 (h cov qib) |
≈ 515 MPA |
≈ 205 MPa |
≈ 30–35% |
|
T11/T22 |
≈ 415 MPA |
≈ 205 MPa |
≈ 20% |
|
T91 |
≈ 585 MPa |
≈ 415 MPA |
≈ 20% |
Kev tsim khoom ntawv sau ntawv -} seamless tsuas (A213 tau)
- Txoj kev:kub -} ua tiav ces txias -}} ua tiav rau qhov loj me; stainless feem ntau cov kev daws - annealed thiabPickled / passivatedrau daim id huv.
- Kev Kho Cua Sov:Austenitic stainless -}}}} kev daws anreal + sai sai txias; T91-Normalize & Tauj (ib spec); T11 / T22-cev lossis ib qho kev kho mob ib txwm ua raws li tau teev tseg.
- Nto & Kev nyiam huv:Stainless Tubing trackinely nrog tsawg -} Roughness ID rau kev hloov tshav kub kub thiab huv si- qhov chaw.
- Geometry:Tight Od / Thickness Devises thiab Ncaj Ncaj Ncees pab pawg sib dhos thiab raj {{0}- tubseps vuam.
- U - Khoov:Feem ntau tau muab rau stainless cua sov - Cov pob hluav taws xob nrog cov tswj tau radii thiab kev ntxhov siab thaum xav tau.
Kev Kuaj & Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Koj Yuav Tsum Qhia
Rooj 7 - Cov kev xav tau raws li A213 (cov phiaj xwm - nyob tom qab)
|
Yam |
Stainless TP Series |
T - series (T11 / T91) |
|
Hydrostatic lossis NDE Fais Ntsuas |
Yuav tsum tau (ib lossis lwm yam) |
Yuav tsum tau (ib lossis lwm yam) |
|
Eddy tam sim no / Ultrasonic (NDE) |
Feem ntau teev rau 100% kev pab them nqi |
Feem ntau teev rau 100% kev pab them nqi |
|
Flattening / flare / flange kev xeem |
Raws li tau teev tseg los ntawm A213 |
Raws li tau teev tseg los ntawm A213 |
|
Grain loj (Austenitic) |
Yuav tsum muaj qhov muaj feem xyuam |
- |
|
Intergranular ntsuam xyuas (IGC) |
Los ntawm kev txiav txim (piv txwv li, ASTM A262 txoj kev) |
- |
|
Hardness tswj |
Feem ntau yog cov ntaub ntawv |
Tseem ceeb rau T91 ib txoj kev |
|
PMI & Ntaub Ntawv |
PMI ntawm Bundles; Daim Ntawv Qhia Tag Nrho MTC |
PMI ntawm Bundles; Daim Ntawv Qhia Tag Nrho MTC |
Kev Siv Dagensional (Octional siv)
Rooj 8 - Cov Khoom Siv Khoom Ntim (Project - Tshwj xeeb)
|
Chaw ua uas tsis tau haus |
Stainless TP Series |
T - series (T11 / T91) |
|
Sab nraud ntawm lub taub |
~ 12.7-114.3 mm (½ hauv-4½ hauv) |
Zoo sib xws |
|
Phab Ntsa Thickness |
~ 1.24-12.7 hli (ib lub sijhawm / kos) |
~ 2-16 HLI (HEAL PHAB NTSA.) |
|
Ntev |
Mus txog 12 m raug; Txiav - rau - ntev |
Txog li 12 m ib txwm |
|
Lub xov |
Pickled / passivated, polished ntawm req |
Qub / Tempered tiav |
|
Tube xaus |
Dawb xaus; raj - rau - lub tsev ua ntej |
Dawb xaus; Beveled yog req |
Kev txiav txim siab (dab tsi muab tso rau hauv lub datasheet)
- Qeb thiab cov mob: TPP3 / 311/347 (L / H li xav tau) lossis T112 / T91 nrog xav tau kev kho cua sov.
- Qhov loj me: Od, phab ntsa, txiav ntev; U {- Khoov radii thiab ceg tsis kam yog muaj.
- Kev Kho Cua Sov & Nto: Siv Anneal + Pickling / Passivation / Stainless (Stainless); normalize / Tawv (raws li tsim nyog).
- NDE phiaj xwm: Hydrostatic lossis ntsuas hluav taws xob; 100% EDDY tam sim no / UT YOG YUAV TSUM TAU; Cov txheej txheem txais kev lees txais.
- Corrosion tswj: IGC sim rau qib ruaj khov yog hais tias sau tseg; Chloride txwv; Tu txheej txheem turicolol.
- Cov ntaub ntawv: MTC Per En 10204 (piv txwv li, 3.1), traceability, ntim, cim.
- Peb {-}}} kev ua tim khawv / kev tshuaj xyuas / tshuaj xyuasMuaj nyob ntawm kev thov(BV, SGS, thiab lwm yam).
