Sour Service & Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb

Sour service meaningnyob rau hauv pipeline procurement tsis yog "H₂S tam sim no." Nws txhais tau tias kev sib txuas ntawmH₂S ib nrab siab, kub, pH, thiab chloridestuaj yeem tsav hydrogen rau hauv hlau thiab ua rauSSC/HIC, yog li cov ntaub ntawv txoj kev thiab kev lees txais yuav tsum ua raws li qaub- cov qauv kev pabcuam es tsis yog kev coj ua kab yeeb nkab.

Piv txwv:Daim ntawv qhia txog dej qhia1,000 ppm H₂Stuaj yeem saib "nruab nrab," tab sis ntawm100 bartag nrho siab nws txhais rau~ 0.1 bar ppH₂S, uas yog qhov hnyav txaus rau ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm kom nruj raws li kev tswj hwm hardness thiab qaub tsim nyog. Los ntawm qhov sib piv, tib yam 1,000 ppm ntawm10 baryog xwb~ 0.01 bar ppH₂S, feem ntau ua rau kev txiav txim siab yuav khoom sib txawv heev.
Tias yog vim li cas qaub- kev xaiv kev pabcuam feem ntau yog tsav los ntawmkua chemistry qhiathiab tus txheej txheem tswj hwm (feem ntauNACE MR0175 / ISO 15156)-thiab yog vim li cas Octal Pipe feem ntau nug rau lub hnab ntawv kev pabcuam (ppH₂S / pH / kub) ua ntej lees paub cov kua qaub - cov khoom siv yeeb nkab.

Hauv kev lag luam roj & roj, petrochemical, offshore, thiab siab -siab / siab- kub (HPHT) kev lag luam, cov ntawv thov kev pabcuam qaub xav tau cov kev xav tau nruj dua ntawm qib steel, tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, kev kho cua sov, vuam zoo, txheej, thiab qhov ntev ntev. Yog tias tsis muaj kev tswj xyuas kom zoo, qhov chaw qaub ncaug tuaj yeem cuam tshuam loj rau kev ncaj ncees, kev nyab xeeb, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm.

Octal Pipe muab cov kev pabcuam qaub thiab cov kav dej tshwj xeeb uas ua tau raws li lub ntiaj teb cov qauv thiab cov ntawv pov thawj.

Sour service H₂S ppmyog ib tug concentration qhia, tab sisnws tsis txhais qhov mob hnyav ntawm nws tus kheej. Feem ntau qaub- kev pabcuam cov khoom tsim nyog tau tsav los ntawmH₂S ib nrab siab (ppH₂S)vim cracking txaus ntshai yog tswj los ntawm covtsav lub zog rau hydrogen nkag, uas nce nrog ib nrab siab. Hauv cov ntsiab lus engineering, ppH₂S yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ua ke nrogpH, chlorides, kub, thiab dej theem muaj, vim tias cov kev txwv no cuam tshuam rau SSC/HIC susceptibility.

Kev hloov pauv tswv yim rau roj- kev tshuaj ntsuam theem yog:

ppH₂S=(H₂S mole feem) × (tag nrho siab)

• Rau gas muaj pes tsawg leeg,mole feem ≈ ppm / 1,000,000(ppmv hauv paus).
• Sivsiab kawg(tsis yog gauge).
• Unit sau ntawv:1 bar=100 kPa; 1 psi ≈ 6.895 kPa.

Cov piv txwv ua haujlwm (zoo tib yam ppm, qhov hnyav sib txawv):

• 1,000 ppm=0.001. Ntawm100 barTag nrho cov siab: ppH₂S=0.001 × 100 =0.1bar ua.
• Tib yam1,000 ppmntawm10 barTag nrho cov siab: ppH₂S=0.001 × 10 =0.01 ib.
• Txawm hais tias ppm zoo ib yam, qhov thib ob muaj10 × qis ppH₂S, uas feem ntau ua rau cov khoom sib txawv / kev xeem yuav tsum tau ua hauv qhov project specifications.

Vim li cas qhov no tseem ceeb rau kev yuav cov kav dej:

Raws li ppH₂S nce, tej yaam num feem ntau nruj tswj ntawm cov khoom uas tsav SSC/HIC cov txiaj ntsig- feem ntauCov kev txwv hardness (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog weld / HAZ), steel huv huv / suav nrog, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau muaj peev xwm qaub / ntsuas qhov ntsuas (HIC / SSC thaum teev). Qhov no yog vim li cas daim ntawv xaj xaj tsuas yog hais tias "H₂S=X ppm" feem ntau tsis txaus los ua kom tiav cov kua qaub - cov khoom siv yeeb nkab. Hauv kev xyaum, H₂S (ppmv lossis mol%),tag nrho kev khiav hauj lwm siab, kub,pH, chlorides, thiab seb puas muaj dej dawb theem. Nrog rau cov no, ppH₂S tuaj yeem tsim tau thiab cov khoom siv (thiab cov ntaub ntawv xav tau / kev sim) tuaj yeem teeb tsa tsis tu ncua.Octal Pipe feem ntau nug rau lub hnab ntawv pabcuam (ppH₂S, pH, kub, chlorides, thiab dej theem) ua ntej, tom qab ntawd kho cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv raws li tus txheej txheem tswj hwm kom lub phiaj xwm rov ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua -.

Sour kev pabcuam cov ntaub ntawv xav tautau teeb tsa los tiv thaiv SSC / HIC tsis ua haujlwm, yog li qhov kev txiav txim yuav tsum txhais cov yeeb nkab ua ib qhoqaub kev pab cuam yeeb nkab khoom pob-tsis yog OD/WT thiab qib. Hauv kev xyaum, daim ntawv xaj yuav tsum tau hais meej meej:

• Kev tswj hwm qaub standard:NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 (thiab qhov twg siv), ntxiv rau txhua tus neeg teb xov tooj / tuam txhab specifications.
• Lub hnab ntawv pabcuam (lub hauv paus ntawm kev xaiv):ppH₂S (los yog H₂S muaj pes tsawg leeg + tag nrho cov siab), pH, kub, chlorides, thiab seb puas muaj dej dawb.
• Khoom siv tswj Scope:chemistry tswj (nrog rau kev huv huv / suav nrog), steelmaking txoj kev raws li qhov xav tau los ntawm spec, txoj kev kho cua sov, thiab lub hauv paus hardness tswj.
• Kev kuaj qaub (thaum xav tau los ntawm spec):HIC / SSC kev tsim nyog, piv txwv zaus, thiab kev lees paub.
• PSL / cov kev xav tau ntxiv:Piv txwv li, API 5L PSL2 nrog qaub- kev pabcuam ntxiv yog qhov muaj feem xyuam.
• Weld / HAZ tswj (yog tias welded yeeb nkab tau tso cai):weld seam NDT scope thiab txhua yam hardness / tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais los ntawm qhov project ITP.

Yuav ua li cas Octal Pipe txhawb nqa qaub - kev pabcuam:Octal Pipe feem ntau pib nrog covhnab ntawv pabthiab tom qab ntawd tsim kev tshuaj xyuas-npaj pob nyob ib puag ncig nws- paub meej tias cov pa roj carbon steel kab yeeb nkab puas tuaj yeem txais lossis txawm tias hloov kho dua tshiab (kev tswj nruj dua, kev ntsuas nruj dua, CRA / clad / hauv ob sab phlu) yog xav tau rau kev pom zoo. Rau EPC xa ntawv, peb tuaj yeem muab ib qhontau-raws li daim ntawv qhia kev taug qab(heat / coil → yeeb nkab cim → xeem cov ntaub ntawv), thiab kho cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa (MTC + soj ntsuam / kuaj cov ntaub ntawv) rau qhov project ITP kom tus neeg siv khoom cov kev tshuaj xyuas thiab cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm tsis ncua los ntawm cov ntawv txuas uas ploj lawm.

Sour Service Region 3 (Siab qaub)

Qee tus neeg teb xov tooj kab kos qhia qhov mob hnyav rau hauv cheeb tsam;Thaj tsam 3feem ntau yog siv los sawv cevkev pabcuam qaub hnyavntawm pH vs ppH₂S daim duab. Hauv Cheeb Tsam 3, cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau nruj cov khoom siv thiab kev tsim nyog tau txais txiaj ntsig (kev tswj nruj + kev ntsuas qaub + cov ntaub ntawv nruj dua) vim tias SSC cov npoo me dua

Sour -kev xaiv cov yeeb nkab feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm alub hnab ntawv ua haujlwm ntsuas tau-ppH₂S, pH, chlorides, kub, thiab theem dej- tsis yog daim ntawv lo rau qhov project. Cov xwm txheej hauv qab no piav qhia txog qhovcov xwm txheej hauv tebuas tsav SSC/HIC kev pheej hmoo thiab kev yuav khoom.

• Siab- cov pa roj siab nrog "nruab nrab ppm" H₂S (ppH₂S- tsav hnyav):

Tib H₂S ppm tuaj yeem ua rau hnyav thaum tag nrho cov siab siab, thawb ppH₂S mus rau hauv thaj tsam uas SSC cov npoo poob qis. Tej yaam num feem ntau nrujtswj hardnessthiab xav tau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj uas tsim nyog tsis yog cia siab rau qib npe ib leeg.

• Cov roj ntub dej / multiphase ntws nrog dej dawb + chlorides:

Thaum muaj dej theem (condensation, tsim dej, los yog chim siab tej yam kev mob), chlorides thiab qis pH nce hydrogen nkag thiab corrosion. Kev yuav khoom feem ntau qhia meejHIC tswj / kuaj (thaum xav tau)thiab cov khoom siv kom huv huv huv dua.

• Tsawg-pH ib puag ncig los ntawm CO₂ + dej (carbonic acid), nrog H₂S tam sim no:

CO₂ yaj nyob rau hauv dej cov ntaub ntawv carbonic acid thiab accelerates corrosion; Txawm tias me me H₂S tuaj yeem hloov hom tsis ua haujlwm mus rau SSC/HIC. Cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau ntxivnruj kev lees txais ntawm qaub kujntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion / txheej / txheej txiav txim siab khi rau cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog dej.

• Temperature cycling thiab shutdown/startup transients:

Ntau qhov "tsis ua hauj lwm" yog tsav los ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm ntu: kub viav vias, siab ramps, thiab lub sij hawm ntub dej / ziab. Specifications feem ntau nrujWeld / HAZ tswj, vim hais tias hardness peaks thiab cov kev ntxhov siab hauv zos concentrators ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev caij tsheb kauj vab.

• Offshore / ntug dej hiav txwv raug nrog ntsev tsuag + ntub-qhuav cycling (ntxiv rau qaub media):

Sab nraud ib puag ncig ntxiv kev ntxhov siab corrosion (ntsev, av noo, txaws zones) nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm kev pheej hmoo qaub. Kev yuav khoom feem ntau sib txuas cov kev cai tsim nyog nrog rautxheej txheej + kev lees paub(cov txheej txheem hnub so, kho txoj kev).

• Acid txheej txheem kua nrog cov kab mob (H₂S, NH₃, CO₂, chlorides):

Refining / tshuaj kab tuaj yeem pom cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov tsav tsheb hauv zos, uas hloov qhov kev txiav txim siab los ntawm "tus qauv kab yeeb nkab" mus rau "kev pabcuam-cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog." Cov kev xav tau feem ntau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv- hnyav:clear qualification Scope, hardness base, thiab traceability maping.

Octal Pipe Note:Hauv qaub-Kev nug txog kev pabcuam, Octal Pipe feem ntau pib los ntawm kev lees paub lub hnab ntawv pabcuam (ppH₂S/pH/temperature/chlorides/dej theem) thiab tom qab ntawd kho cov khoom siv, ntsuas qhov ntsuas (thaum tau teev tseg), thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntim rau hauv tus txheej txheem tswj xyuas yog li kev xaiv tau tshuaj xyuas{{1} tsis tau kwv yees{2}.

Sour -Kev pabcuam kev pabcuam feem ntau tawg ntawm tib ob qhov chaw:kev tshuaj xyuas(scope tsis meej) thiabqhov chaw tso tawm(Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tsis qhia txog cov yeeb nkab). Octal Pipe kho cov kev pabcuam qaub raws li kev tswj hwm, tshuaj xyuas- pob khoom npaj ua los ntawmhnab ntawv pab-ppH₂S, pH, qhov kub thiab txias, chlorides, thiab theem dej-yog li cov khoom siv, ntsuas qhov ntsuas, thiab cov ntaub ntawv raug ua kom zoo ua ntej pib tsim khoom.

Tiag -cov piv txwv hauv ntiaj teb ntawm qhov twg txoj hauv kev no txuag sijhawm thiab rov ua haujlwm dua:

• Piv txwv 1 - "ppm zoo li nruab nrab," siab ua rau nws hnyav:

Daim ntawv qhia txog dej yuav hais tauH₂S=1,000 ppm, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim tswj tau thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Tab sis yog tias txoj kab ua haujlwm ntawm kev kub siab, lubH₂S ib nrab siab (ppH₂S)tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev pabcuam mus rau ntau qhov kev xav tau ntau ntxiv. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov tswv feem ntau nruj cov kev cai rautswj hardnessthiab kev tsim nyog raws li MR0175 / ISO 15156 (los yog tus neeg ua haujlwm spec). Octal Pipe chij qhov no thaum ntxov thiab hloov cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog chemistry rau hauv qhov kev yuav khoom uas tuaj yeem dhau los tshuaj xyuas - tsis yog cia qhov kev sib tham lig dhau los ua "tsis xav txog qhov xav tau qaub."

• Piv txwv 2 - cov roj ntub dej / cov dej tsim + chlorides hloov pauv hom tsis ua haujlwm:

Thaum cov dej dawb tam sim no thiab cov tshuaj chlorides siab, qhov kev pheej hmoo hloov ntawm "kev xeb" mus rauSSC/HIC rhiab heev, thiab qhov project yuav xav tauKev xeem HIC/SSC(los yog cov qauv kev lees paub tshwj xeeb) tsis yog cov lus hais txog kev ua raws cai. Octal Pipe muab cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov phiaj xwm sim mus rau ITP pem hauv ntej kom qhov ntau tuaj yeem tso tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj es tsis yog rooj plaub- los ntawm - rooj plaub txhais.

Dab tsi Octal Pipe muab rau qaub- cov haujlwm pabcuam (saib tau, tsis yog qhov dav):

• Kev pabcuam-lub hnab ntawv- tsav xaiv cov khoom:Cov pa roj carbon steel qaub kab yeeb nkab thaum siv tau, nrog rau kev tswj hwm yuav tsum tau ua; thiab thaum lub hnab ntawv xav tau nws, Octal Pipe tuaj yeem tawm tswv yim hloov kho xws linruj dua hardness tswj, stricter qualification Scope, los yog CRA / clad / hauv ob sab phlu xaivkom tshem tus tswv / EPC tshuaj xyuas.
• Kev tsim nyog thiab cov pov thawj tshuaj xyuas raws li PO / ITP:Kev kuaj HIC/SSC thaum tau teev tseg, UT/NDT raws li qhov project scope, thiab tswj welding/HAZ cov kev coj ua uas muaj feem xyuam - qaub- kev lees txais kev pabcuam yog txhawb los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
• Traceability uas ciaj sia qhov chaw muaj tiag:Ntau -raws li daim ntawv qhia uas txuasThaum tshav kub kub/coil → yeeb nkab cim → xeem cov ntaub ntawv → MTC, txo cov qaub ntau tshaj - kev pabcuam qeeb: "cov yeeb nkab xa tawm tab sis tsis tso tawm" vim tsis muaj qhov txuas hauv cov ntaub ntawv.

Hu rau tam sim no

FAQ

 

 

Q: Dab tsi yog qhov kev pabcuam qaub lub ntsiab lus hauv roj & roj kav dej?

A:Cov kev pabcuam qaub txhais tau tias qhov chaw ua haujlwm (ppH₂S, pH, kub, chlorides, thiab dej theem) tuaj yeem tsav hydrogen- cuam tshuam txog kev puas tsuaj xws liSSC/HIC, yog li cov khoom siv thiab kev lees paub yuav tsum ua rawsMR0175 / ISO 15156kev xav tau.

Q: Kev pabcuam qaub H2S ppm - puas yog ppm txaus los txiav txim qhov hnyav?

A:Tsis yog. Qhov hnyav feem ntau yog ntsuas los ntawmH₂S ib nrab siab (ppH₂S), tsis yog ppm ib leeg; ib qho screen tswv yim yogppH₂S=(H₂S mole feem) × (tag nrho siab).

Q: Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv qaub qaub rau cov khoom siv qaub qaub?

A:Ib qho qaub-kev pabcuam PO yuav tsum hais txog tus qauv tswj hwm (MR0175/ISO 15156),hnab ntawv pab(ppH₂S/pH/T/chlorides/dej), thiab cov kev tswj uas yuav tsum tau muaj xws lihardness txwvthiabKev xeem HIC/SSCthaum teev tseg.

Q: Dab tsi yog qhov kev pabcuam welding xav tau?

A:Sour kev pabcuam vuam yuav tsum tsom rau kev tswjWeld / HAZ hardness(feem ntau dhau ntawm WPS/PQR tswj xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab qis-kev xyaum hydrogen) thiab ua cov ntawv pov thawj hardness thaum xav tau los ntawm qhov project ITP/spec kom txo tau SSC kev pheej hmoo.

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